Mediation is a non-binding voluntary settlement process in which a neutral third party (the mediator) facilitates communication and negotiation between the parties. Mediation can preserve relationships and can help build a positive framework for future interactions based upon mutual interest so similar problems can be resolved in the future. Mediation poses no risk since no one can force a decision on them. A mediator has no authority to force a settlement on the parties. Instead the mediator helps the parties try to reach a mutually agreeable settlement. A mediator will not disclose any information to the opposing side without consent. If a settlement cannot be reached, the parties are free to pursue other legal remedies.

At the mediation the parties gather in a joint session with the mediator. The parties have the opportunity to give a short and informal summary of their case. This allows the party and the mediator an opportunity to gain an understanding of each side’s position.

The parties then separate into caucuses. Once the parties are separated, the mediator typically moves back and forth several times between the caucuses. The mediator gains knowledge or facts that can help facilitate a settlement. The mediator can explore many avenues to a solution that may not have been considered without the private caucuses. The mediator is in a better position to understand the conflict and each party’s position, and to assist the parties to be more creative in resolving the conflict.

Arbitration

Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution whereby a dispute between two or more parties is resolved by an impartial person(s), known as an arbitrator. It is designed to be a prompt, less formal, and inexpensive way of resolving disputes.

Parties have a full and equal opportunity at the hearing to present any material and relevant evidence and the hearing is private and confidential to the extent allowed by law. The arbitrator may require witnesses to testify under oath and may require parties to submit documents or answer questions prior to the hearing. Arbitration hearings are conducted similar to court trials, except arbitration hearings are less formal. At the opening of the hearing, the arbitrator may ask the parties to clarify the issues to be decided. Each party shall make an opening statement, present their evidence, question and cross-examine witnesses and make closing statements. Conformity to legal rules of evidence is not required. Typically, the parties agree to waive certain rules of evidence and to proceed less formally. This is common and acceptable when there is agreement between the parties. The arbitrator has authority to determine all issues and matters in controversy in the dispute. There are certain rules and laws that control the conduct of an arbitration proceeding and an arbitration award is final and binding, subject to review by a court only on a very limited basis.